The growing demand for compact and reliable renewable energy systems has intensified research into Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs) for low-speed applications. This study presents the integration and experimental validation of an S-shaped Interior Embedded Double Stator Generator (S-shaped IEDSG) combined with a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller and a Battery Management System (BMS). A comparative experimental investigation was conducted using three coil configurations, namely inner stator, outer stator, and double stator, to evaluate their charging thresholds, current outputs, and charging durations under different operating speeds. The inner stator produced the highest peak charging power of 263 W but required a higher operating speed of 650 rpm to begin charging. The outer stator started charging at a lower speed of 150 rpm but exhibited lower current and longer charging time exceeding 500 minutes. The double stator configuration demonstrated balanced performance by combining early charging initiation, sustained high power output of about 250 W, and shorter total charging time of less than 400 minutes. These findings confirm that integrating the S-shaped IEDSG with the MPPT controller and BMS enhances charging performance and stability, establishing its potential as a compact and reliable solution for small-scale renewable energy systems such as pico-hydro and wind power generation.

Figure 1: The cross-sectional structure of the S-shaped Interior Embedded Double Stator Generator (S-shaped IEDSG)

Reference:

N. A. Ibrahim, N. Misron, H. F. Hairulnizam, A. A. Syah and C. A. Vaithilingam, "Performance Adoption of an Integrated S-Shaped Double Stator Generator with MPPT and BMS for Renewable Applications," in IEEE Access, vol. 14, pp. 3192-3202, 2026.

Link:

https://doi.org/

Reference:

2026. A. Ibrahim, N. Misron, H. F. Hairulnizam, A. A. Syah and C. A. Vaithilingam, "Performance Adoption of an Integrated S-Shaped Double Stator Generator with MPPT and BMS for Renewable Applications," in IEEE Access, vol. 14, pp. 3192-3202, 2026.

https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3650600

Date of Input: 30/04/2026 | Updated: 30/04/2026 | ainzubaidah