AGRICULTURAL GENOMICS | INSTITUTE OF PLANTATION STUDIES (IKP)

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AGRICULTURAL GENOMICS

Agricultural genomics are areas that emphasize innovative genomic applications to enhance understanding of biological processes for utilization in applications for improved crop and livestock. Genomics applications can be made using a variety of genomic equipment or resources such as the entire sequence of genomes, physical maps and genetic sequence polymorphisms that have been developed for various economic-related organisms. The genome sequence can be accessed in public databases that are complemented by genomic clearing software and information browsers that facilitate comparisons of multiple genotypes and species as well as across genomes made. Hence the information can be translated into various other genomes and is very useful in research. This has helped accelerate efforts to address specific questions that relate genetic variations to biological or economic interests.

Genomics sources can help deal with agricultural problems on a daily basis. This can be achieved by detecting and characterizing genes allele related to yield or resistance characteristics of abiotic pressure and disease infections. The allele can be incorporated through conventional breeding techniques assisted by molecular markers into modern genetic material to improve performance. Agricultural genomes also include studies for viewing various gene expression mechanisms through genomic interactions with regulatory proteins and epigenetic effects through covalent modification of genetic material. Information obtained has an important contribution in understanding the phenotype of the organisms and the interaction with the environment. The development of new genetic materials using genome resources has a high potential for the production of more tolerant organisms on the effects of climate change and harmful diseases. Plants or animals can also be produced for new market needs such as meeting crop demand for biofuel production.

Genomics equipment is also very potential in solving specific biological problems that will help support the efficient production of food while reducing the environmental impact associated with agricultural practices. These graduates will be able to get involved in their career as scientists, biotechnologists, researchers, lecturers, consultants, and policy makers in government or private institutions. The career is not limited within the country, but also to compete internationally.

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